IMPACT OF E-COMMERCE ON CROSS-BORDER COMMERCE
With the emergence of the Internet, global trade has also increased. In 1994, 20 percent of the world’s total production was exported and this corresponds to $5.9 trillion. In 2001, this proportion reached to 29 percent and export of 9.6 trillion dollars. This increase trend, which was also observed in the early 21st century, is very important since the share of exports in total production during the 15 years before 2001 has changed from 18 to 20 percent. The increase in global trade is parallel to the increase in internet usage. Global trade has reached $ 20 trillion, and internet users have surpassed $ 3 billion. The number of people using the internet has also increased with global trade.
According to the World Customs Organization survey, 10-15% of total e-commerce volume by 2015 is cross-border e-commerce. Cross-border e-commerce varies according to region. Asian region is the leader in E-commerce. By 2025, it is estimated that 40% of cross-border e-commerce will take place in Asia, 25% in Europe and 20% in North America.
Research shows that countries with high internet penetration have higher exports than others. This shows that the Internet has positively affected global trade. When the competition in the field of telecommunication is obstructed, the development of internet usage is also stopped. This leads to a decrease in exports to major countries.
There is also a reciprocal interaction between the developed countries and the developing countries. Especially in the developed countries, the companies use the internet widely, so the companies of the less developed countries that trade in these countries have to turn to the internet. Thus, interactivity does not only increase the use of internet and but also helps to increase reciprocal trade.
The international development of e-commerce is also directly linked to trade liberalization. In open economies, e-commerce is becoming more widespread and developing. Companies that benefit from the benefits of free trade are further activating and improving their e-commerce and international transactions. Trade liberalization and falling costs increase the potential benefit of e-commerce.
While e-commerce increases international trade, it also increases internet usage and e-commerce in international trade. The economies that realize the global economy integration are starting to use the digital economy more and more. In the relation of production and consumption, the traditional economy is replaced by the new economy and the communication is realized via internet. Thus, the interaction between e-commerce and international trade is increasing.